Pinduoduo shifted its business focus in the second quarter of this year from pursuing commercialization and increasing profits to prioritizing GMV (Gross Merchandise Volume) as its primary goal. Notably, Douyin E-commerce has also recently adjusted its business priorities, shifting away from “price competitiveness” and making GMV growth a key focus for the second half of the year. Similarly, after the 618 shopping festival, Taobao Tmall has downplayed its price competitiveness strategy, no longer targeting Pinduoduo’s GMV as the primary business metric.